Diabetic Neuropathy-References

Diabetic Neuropathy - References

Citations

Ropper AH, Samuels MA (2009). Diseases of the peripheral nerves. In Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, 9th ed., pp. 1277-1319. New York: McGraw-Hill.

American Diabetes Association (2004). Preventive foot care in diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S63-S64.

Boulton AJM, et al. (2004). Diabetic somatic neuropathies. Diabetes Care, 27(6): 1458-1486.

Dubinsky RM, et al. (2010). Assessment: Efficacy of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of pain in neurologic disorders (an evidence-based review): Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 74(1): 173-176.

Brownlee M, et al. (2008). Complications of diabetes mellitus. In PR Larsen et al., eds., Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 11th ed., pp. 1417-1498. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.

Vinik AI, et al. (2003). Diabetic autonomic neuropathy. In D Porte Jr et al., eds. Ellenberg and Rifkin's Diabetes Mellitus, 6th ed., pp. 789-804. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Jeffcoate WJ, Harding KG (2003). Diabetic foot ulcers. Lancet, 361(9368): 1545-1551.

Other Works Consulted

American Diabetes Association (2004). Physical activity/exercise and diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S58-S62.

American Diabetes Association (2005). Diabetic neuropathies. Position statement. Diabetes Care, 28(4): 956-962.

Brannagan TH (2010). Acquired neuropathies. In LP Rowland, TA Pedley, eds., Merritt's Neurology, 12th ed., chap. 134, pp. 832-833. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Brownlee M, et al. (2008). Complications of diabetes mellitus. In PR Larsen et al., eds., Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 11th ed., pp. 1417-1498. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.

Frykberg RG, et al. (2006). Diabetic foot disorders: A clinical practice guideline. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 45(Suppl 5): S1-S66. Also available online: http://www.acfas.org/pubresearch/cpg/diabetic-cpg.htm.

Ganchi PA, Eriksson E (2005). Diabetes mellitus and wound healing. In CR Kahn et al., eds., Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus, 14th ed., pp. 1133-1144. Boston: Joslin Diabetes Center.

Hunt D (2009). Diabetes: Foot ulcers and amputations, search date November 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.

Masharani U, German MS (2007). Diabetic ketoacidosis section of Pancreatic hormones and diabetes mellitus. In DG Gardner et al., eds., Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, 8th ed., pp. 716-722. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Molitch ME, Genuth S (2006). Complications of diabetes mellitus. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds., ACP Medicine, section 9, chap. 3. New York: WebMD.

Tentikiyrus N, et al. (2008). Evaluation of the self-administered indicator plaster neuropad for the diagnosis of neuropathy in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 31(2): 236-237.

Wong M, et al. (2007). Effects of treatments for symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy: Systematic review. BMJ. Published online June 11, 2007 (doi:10.1136/bmj.39213.565972.AE).

Answer:

Your level is currently NormalHigh (hyperglycemia).Low (hypoglycemia).

If the level is below 70 and you are experiencing symptoms such as shaking, sweating or difficulty thinking, you will need to raise the number immediately. A quick solution is to eat a few pieces of hard candy or 1 tablespoon of sugar or honey. Recheck your numbers again in 15 minutes to see if the number has gone up. If not, repeat the steps above or call your doctor.

People who experience hypoglycemia several times in a week should call their health care provider. It's important to monitor your levels each day so you can make sure your numbers are within the range. If you are pregnant always consult with your health care provider.

Your blood sugar level is slightly high. You should call your health care provider and ask if laboratory tests to check for diabetes are needed. If you are pregnant always consult with your health care provider.

Congratulations on taking steps to manage your health.

However, it's important to continue to track your numbers so that you can make lifestyle changes if needed. If you are pregnant always consult with your physician.

Your level is currently normal. However, if you are concerned about diabetes speak with your physician. There may be other risk factors that increase your risk for diabetes.

Your level is high if this reading was taken before eating. Aim for 70-130 before meals and less than 180 two hours after meals.

Even if your number is high, it's not too late for you to take control of your health and lower your blood sugar.

One of the first steps is to monitor your levels each day. If you are pregnant always consult with your physician.

Your blood sugar level may be high, depending on when you last ate. If you have not eaten for at least 8 hours, your blood sugar should be less than 100. If you've eaten within the last 2 hours, your blood sugar should be less than 140. You should call your health care provider and ask if you need laboratory tests to check for diabetes. If you are pregnant always consult with your health care provider.

Blood sugars consistently above 180 warrant prompt medical attention.

Even if your number is high, it's not too late for you to take control of your health and lower your blood sugar.

One of the first steps is to monitor your levels each day. If you are pregnant always consult with your physician.

Your blood sugar level is high. You should call your health care provider and ask if laboratory tests to check for diabetes are needed. If you are pregnant always consult with your health care provider.

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