Type 1 Diabetes: Living With Complications - References
Citations
Tabibiazar R, Edelman S (2003). Silent ischemia in people with diabetes: A condition that must be heard. Clinical Diabetes, 21(1):5-9.
American Diabetes Association (2004). Retinopathy in diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S84-S87.
American Diabetes Association (2004). Nephropathy in diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S79-S83.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008). National Diabetes Fact Sheet 2007. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2007.pdf.
American Diabetes Association (2011). Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2011. Diabetes Care, 34(Suppl 1): S11-S61.
American Diabetes Association (2004). Hypertension management in adults with diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S65-S67.
American Diabetes Association (2004). Preventive foot care in diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S63-S64.
Nathan DM (2003). Isolated pancreas transplantation for type 1 diabetes. JAMA, 290(21): 2861-2863.
American Diabetes Association (2004). Smoking and diabetes. Clinical Practice Recommendations 2004. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S74-S75.
Sigal R, et al. (2006). Prevention of cardiovascular events in diabetes, search date November 2004. Online version of Clinical Evidence. Also available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
Sutherland DE, et al. (2001). Lessons learned from more than 1,000 pancreas transplants at a single institution. Annals of Surgery, 233(4): 463-501.
Other Works Consulted
American Diabetes Association (2004). Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Diabetes Care, 27(Suppl 1): S110.
American Diabetes Association (2008). Nutrition recommendations and interventions for diabetes. Diabetes Care, 31(Suppl 1): S61-S78.
Hunt D (2009). Diabetes: Foot ulcers and amputations, search date November 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
Mendrinos E, et al. (2008). Diabetic retinopathy, search date March 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
Molitch ME, Genuth S (2006). Complications of diabetes mellitus. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds., ACP Medicine, section 9, chap. 3. New York: WebMD.
Patel J (2008). Diabetes: Managing dyslipidaemia, search date June 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence. Also available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
Shlipak M (2010). Diabetic nephropathy: Preventing progression, search date November 2009. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
Vijan S (2009). Diabetes: Treating hypertension, search date February 2009. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise
Type 1 Diabetes: Living With Complications Topics
Is This Normal? Get the Facts Fast!
Answer:
0-69
70-130
131+
Your level is currently
If the level is below 70 and you are experiencing symptoms such as shaking, sweating or difficulty thinking, you will need to raise the number immediately. A quick solution is to eat a few pieces of hard candy or 1 tablespoon of sugar or honey. Recheck your numbers again in 15 minutes to see if the number has gone up. If not, repeat the steps above or call your doctor.
People who experience hypoglycemia several times in a week should call their health care provider. It's important to monitor your levels each day so you can make sure your numbers are within the range. If you are pregnant always consult with your health care provider.
Congratulations on taking steps to manage your health.
However, it's important to continue to track your numbers so that you can make lifestyle changes if needed. If you are pregnant always consult with your physician.
Your level is high if this reading was taken before eating. Aim for 70-130 before meals and less than 180 two hours after meals.
Even if your number is high, it's not too late for you to take control of your health and lower your blood sugar.
One of the first steps is to monitor your levels each day. If you are pregnant always consult with your physician.
Did You Know Your Lifestyle Choices
Affect Your Blood Sugar?
Use the Blood Glucose Tracker to monitor
how well you manage your blood sugar over time.
This tool is not intended for women who are pregnant.
Step: of
